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代理模式

代理模式（Proxy Pattern）:为其他对象提供一个代理以控制对这个对象的访问。

模式

代理模式建议新建一个与原服务对象接口相同的代理类， 然后更新应用以将代理对象传递给所有原始对象客户端。 代理类接收到客户端请求后会创建实际的服务对象， 并将所有工作委派给它

意图

别名

适用性

结构

参与者

协作

代码实现

Nginx 这样的 Web 服务器可充当应用程序服务器的代理：

  • 提供了对应用程序服务器的受控访问权限
  • 可限制速度
  • 可缓存请求

server.go: 主体

package main

type server interface {
    handleRequest(string, string) (int, string)
}

nginx.go: 代理

package main

type Nginx struct {
    application       *Application
    maxAllowedRequest int
    rateLimiter       map[string]int
}

func newNginxServer() *Nginx {
    return &Nginx{
        application:       &Application{},
        maxAllowedRequest: 2,
        rateLimiter:       make(map[string]int),
    }
}

func (n *Nginx) handleRequest(url, method string) (int, string) {
    allowed := n.checkRateLimiting(url)
    if !allowed {
        return 403, "Not Allowed"
    }
    return n.application.handleRequest(url, method)
}

func (n *Nginx) checkRateLimiting(url string) bool {
    if n.rateLimiter[url] == 0 {
        n.rateLimiter[url] = 1
    }
    if n.rateLimiter[url] > n.maxAllowedRequest {
        return false
    }
    n.rateLimiter[url] = n.rateLimiter[url] + 1
    return true
}

application.go: 真实主体

package main

type Application struct {
}

func (a *Application) handleRequest(url, method string) (int, string) {
    if url == "/app/status" && method == "GET" {
        return 200, "Ok"
    }

    if url == "/create/user" && method == "POST" {
        return 201, "User Created"
    }
    return 404, "Not Ok"
}

main.go: 客户端代码

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {

    nginxServer := newNginxServer()
    appStatusURL := "/app/status"
    createuserURL := "/create/user"

    httpCode, body := nginxServer.handleRequest(appStatusURL, "GET")
    fmt.Printf("\nUrl: %s\nHttpCode: %d\nBody: %s\n", appStatusURL, httpCode, body)

    httpCode, body = nginxServer.handleRequest(appStatusURL, "GET")
    fmt.Printf("\nUrl: %s\nHttpCode: %d\nBody: %s\n", appStatusURL, httpCode, body)

    httpCode, body = nginxServer.handleRequest(appStatusURL, "GET")
    fmt.Printf("\nUrl: %s\nHttpCode: %d\nBody: %s\n", appStatusURL, httpCode, body)

    httpCode, body = nginxServer.handleRequest(createuserURL, "POST")
    fmt.Printf("\nUrl: %s\nHttpCode: %d\nBody: %s\n", appStatusURL, httpCode, body)

    httpCode, body = nginxServer.handleRequest(createuserURL, "GET")
    fmt.Printf("\nUrl: %s\nHttpCode: %d\nBody: %s\n", appStatusURL, httpCode, body)
}